Design of a compact underwater imaging and geolocalization platform with edge computing capability

With its endless dark blue tone, the underwater world is filled with color, life, and beauty. It has many scientific imaging research opportunities. However, during the development of an underwater geolocation instrument based on polarization imaging sensors, we noticed that the underwater devices are all designed for cinematography applications. They are bulky and complicated, and they cannot satisfy the ever-changing scientific research needs. In this thesis, we report on the design of a compact, expandable underwater edge computing platform based on the Nvidia Jetson devices. This platform is capable of recording and processing more than 4 hours of footage underwater. With its modular design, the platform can support image sensors up to 70 mm/2.75" diagonal and virtually any lens. This platform opens up possibilities for researchers to perform underwater data collections, real-time machine learning inferences, and marine biology studies.Ope

Fluorescence-guided surgical system using holographic display: From phantom studies to canine patients

SIGNIFICANCE: Holographic display technology is a promising area of research that can lead to significant advancements in cancer surgery. We present the benefits of combining bioinspired multispectral imaging technology with holographic goggles for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery. Through a series of experiments with 43D-printed phantoms, small animal models of cancer, and surgeries on canine patients with head and neck cancer, we showcase the advantages of this holistic approach. AIM: The aim of our study is to demonstrate the feasibility and potential benefits of utilizing holographic display for fluorescence-guided surgery through a series of experiments involving 3D-printed phantoms and canine patients with head and neck cancer. APPROACH: We explore the integration of a bioinspired camera with a mixed reality headset to project fluorescent images as holograms onto a see-through display, and we demonstrate the potential benefits of this technology through benchtop and RESULTS: Our complete imaging and holographic display system showcased improved delineation of fluorescent targets in phantoms compared with the 2D monitor display approach and easy integration into the veterinarian surgical workflow. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, it is evident that our comprehensive approach, which combines a bioinspired multispectral imaging sensor with holographic goggles, holds promise in enhancing the presentation of fluorescent information to surgeons during intraoperative scenarios while minimizing disruptions

China’s 10-year progress in DC gas-insulated equipment: From basic research to industry perspective

The construction of the future energy structure of China under the 2050 carbon-neutral vision requires compact direct current (DC) gas-insulation equipment as important nodes and solutions to support electric power transmission and distribution of long-distance and large-capacity. This paper reviews China's 10-year progress in DC gas-insulated equipment. Important progresses in basic research and industry perspective are presented, with related scientific issues and technical bottlenecks being discussed. The progress in DC gas-insulated equipment worldwide (Europe, Japan, America) is also reported briefly

Combined wave-current induced excess pore-pressure in a sandy seabed: Flume observations and comparisons with theoretical models

Waves are coexisting with currents in coastal zones; nevertheless, previous experimental studies for excess pore pressure responses in a porous seabed were predominantly limited to the wave-only condition. In this study, the combined wave-current induced excess pore-pressures in a sandy seabed were experimentally simulated with a specially-designed flume, which can concurrently generate periodic waves and a following/opposing co-directional current. The effect of a current on the wave profile is firstly examined. The wave steepness is decreased by a following current, but enhanced by an opposing current. Flume observations indicate that, under combined wave-current loading, the wave-induced pore-pressure is increased for the following-current case, but reduced for the opposing-current case. Such wave-current combination effect becomes more significant for shorter wave periods. The variation trend of the excess pore-pressure distribution in the present flume observations is consistent with that of the existing analytical solutions. Nevertheless, due to the existence of wave and/or current boundary layer and non-lineartiy of wave-current interactions as indicated by the flume observations, certain deviations exist between the flume results for excess pore-pressure and the analytical solutions, which can not be ignored especially for the opposing-current case. The effects of the boundary layer on the combined wave-current induced pore-pressures in the seabed are further highlighted by supplementary numerical simulations. A favorable prediction by the analytical solution would be expected for following-current cases and smaller pore pressure amplitudes would be obtained for opposing-current cases

Deep Fusion Feature Based Object Detection Method for High Resolution Optical Remote Sensing Images

With the rapid growth of high-resolution remote sensing image-based applications, one of the fundamental problems in managing the increasing number of remote sensing images is automatic object detection. In this paper, we present a fusion feature-based deep learning approach to detect objects in high-resolution remote sensing images. It employs fine-tuning from ImageNet as a pre-training model to address the challenge of it lacking a large amount of training datasets in remote sensing. Besides, we improve the binarized normed gradients algorithm by multiple weak feature scoring models for candidate window selection and design a deep fusion feature extraction method with the context feature and object feature. Experiments are performed on different sizes of high-resolution optical remote sensing images. The results show that our model is better than regular models, and the average detection accuracy is 8.86% higher than objNet

Effect of daidzein on fermentation parameters and bacterial community of finishing Xianan cattle

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of adding different amounts of daidzein in diet on the fermentation parameters and bacterial community composition in the rumen of finishing cattle. A total of thirty head of 2-year-old finishing Xianan cattle were divided by weight into three groups and randomly allotted by group to one of three dietary treatments: (1) control; (2) 500 mg/kg daidzein and (3) 1000 mg/kg daidzein. All cattle were slaughtered to obtain rumen samples after a 80-d feeding trial. Results showed that adding 500 mg/kg daidzein reduced the operational taxonomic units (OTU) numbers, Shannon index and Chao1 index compared with control and 1000 mg/kg daidzein groups. Compared with control group at phylum level, Planctomycetos and Tenericutes were significantly more abundant in 500 mg/kg daidzein group, Verrucomicrobia and Fusobacteria were significantly rarer in 1000 mg/kg daidzein group. Compared with control group at genus level, Prevotella and Ruminococcus were significantly more abundant in 500 mg/kg daidzein group, Prevotella was significantly more abundant and Dethiosulfatibacter was significantly rarer in 1000 mg/kg daidzein group. Adding 1000 mg/kg daidzein significantly improved the total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) concentration and acetate content and significantly reduced the butyrate content compared with control group. Daidzein changed the fermentation parameters mainly by impacting the abundance of Prevotella and Ruminococcus. Current results suggest that adding 1000 mg/kg daidzein in diets can improve the rumen fermentation function for finishing Xianan cattle

Additional file 3 of The temporal association of CapZ with early endosomes regulates endosomal trafficking and viral entry into host cells

Additional file 3: Figure S1. V1 induces the accumulation of CapZ on early endosomes. HeLa cells were transiently transfected with CapZβ-mCherry, RAB5A-BFP, and Rabaptin-5-GFP (A) or Rabex5-GFP (B), and treated with or without V1 (1 μM). The colocalization coefficients (MCCs) of CapZ/RAB5, CapZ/ Rabaptin-5, CapZ/Rabex-5, Rabex-5/RAB5, or Rabaptin-5/RAB5 were quantified. The images represent data from at least three independent experiments. The difference between two groups was calculated using an unpaired Student’s t-test. Differences were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001. Figure S2. The role of CapZ in the early-to-late endosome transition. (A) CapZβ-GFP/RFP-FYVE-expressing (a PI(3)P sensor)/CapZβ-mCherry-expressing HeLa cells were subjected to confocal imaging, and the colocalization coefficients (MCCs) of mRFP-FYVE/CapZβ-EGFP were quantified. The scale bar is 5 μm. The images represent data from at least three independent experiments. (B) Coomassie staining of recombinant CapZa-CapZb complex purified from bacterial culture. The difference between the two groups was calculated using an unpaired Student’s t-test. Differences were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001. Figure S3. CapZ participates in endosomal maturation. (A) HeLa cells were transiently transfected with FRB-RAB5 and FKBP-CapZβ, and then incubated with rapamycin (1 mM) for 12 h to induce an interaction between RAB5 and CapZ. (B) HeLa cells were transiently transfected with FRB-RAB5 and FKBP-CapZβ, and then they were incubated with rapamycin (1 mM) for 12 h, followed by anti-Lamp1 immunostaining and confocal imaging. (C) Control or CapZb knockout cells were labeled with lysosensor-Green DND-189, followed by confocal image and quantification. The scale bar is 5 μm. The colocalization coefficients (MCC) of RAB5A, CapZ, or Lamp1 were quantified. The difference between the two groups was calculated using an unpaired Student’s t-test. Differences were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001. The images represent data from at least three independent experiments. Figure S4. The stabilization of CapZ on early endosomes inhibits endocytosis and cell migration. (A, B) Control or FRB-RAB5/FKBP-CapZβ expressing HeLa cells were incubated with or without rapamycin (1 mM) for 12 h, followed by incubation with transferin-594 on ice for 1.5 h. The cells were fixed at the time points indicated and processed for confocal imaging (A) and quantification (B). (C) Control or FRB-RAB5/FKBP-CapZβ expressing HeLa cells were placed into the upper chamber of a transwell plate in the absence or presence of rapamycin (1 mM). After 18 h, the cells in the lower chamber were stained with crystal violet and quantified. The difference between the two groups was calculated using the ANOVA test. Differences were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001. The images and graphs represent data from at least three independent experiments. Figure S5. V1, chloroquine, and bafilomycin A1 inhibit ZIKV or MHV infection in host cells. (A, B) A549 cells were pretreated with V1, bafilomycin A1, and chloroquine for 3 h, and then infected with ~ 1 MOI of ZIKV for 24 h, followed by ZIKV-E and GAPDH immunoblot analysis (A) or the measurement of viral titers by TCID50 assay (B). (C) 17Cl-1 cells were pretreated with V1, bafilomycin A1 (50 nM), and chloroquine (25 mM) for 3 h, and then infected with ~ 1 MOI of MHV for 24 h, followed by the qRT-PCR analysis of MHV nsp9 mRNA expression. The blots, images, and graphs represent data from at least three independent experiments. The difference between the two groups was calculated using the ANOVA test. Differences were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001. The blots and graphs represent data from at least three independent experiment

Vacuolin-1 inhibits endosomal trafficking and metastasis via CapZ?

10.1038/s41388-021-01662-3Oncogene40101775-179